Mexican Independence Day (Dia de Independencia)

The Age of Great Geographical Discovery was marked by the emergence of new routes by sea and land from Europe to Asia, America, Africa and Oceania The arrival of the Spaniards, Portuguese and French on their lands brought a lot of grief and suffering to the indigenous people Liberation from the centuries-old yoke and power of the metropolis is an important milestone in the history of the states of North America Therefore, Mexican Independence Day is celebrated every year on September 16th The date of the celebration coincides with the beginning of the uprising to liberate the country from colonial oppression On September 15, 1810, Father Hidalgo, a priest who went down in history as the leader of the revolution, called on the citizens of New Spain to revolt Popular resistance, which developed into a war against Europeans and their rule, ended in 1836 with the establishment of Mexican independence Political sovereignty was proclaimed much earlier - in 1821 The calls made by Miguel Hidalgo are repeated annually on September 16 by millions of citizens of the republic: “Glory to the heroes who died in the fight for the country,” “Long life to the Republic!” In honor of Dia de Independencia, a ceremony is held to commemorate the struggle for independence Every year, on the night of September 15-16, the president of the country comes out onto the balcony of the National Palace, located in Mexico City on Constitution Square, and, to the sound of a bell, says greetings to the assembled fellow citizens: “Que viva México!” The head of state delivers a message to the people, recalling the hysterical significance of the events that took place in the country in 1810-1821 The struggle for freedom began with an uprising of Indians and mestizos in the Mexican village of Pueblo Nuevo de los Dolores For many years, Spain depleted Mexico's natural resources, exporting gold and silver, agricultural products, natural fabric dyes and other raw materials to the Old World The metropolis hampered the economic development of the country and created unbearable conditions for the indigenous inhabitants of the colonies After confiscation at the beginning of the 19th century property of the Creoles (Spaniards born in the New World), they suddenly became beggars, joining the ranks of haters of the Spanish crown One of them was the clergyman Father Hidalgo, whose full name was Miguel Gregorio Antonio Ignacio Hidalgo y Costilla y Gallaga Mondarte Villaseñor At the morning mass on September 16, 1810, instead of the usual sermon, he called on the mestizos and Indians to start an armed uprising, which developed into a revolution The padre, who would soon be captured and executed by the Inquisition, called on the inhabitants of his home village of Dolores to oppose the Spanish authorities Father Hidalgo appealed to the fighting spirit of his compatriots with the words: “Long live Maria of Guadalupe! Death to the unworthy Spaniards!” The Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire was published in September 1821 Spain renounced its claims to the mother country on December 28, 1836 The struggle for freedom spread to other colonies of the Old World Following Mexico in 1840, the Spaniards recognized the independence of Ecuador State sovereignty was proclaimed by Panama, Peru and Bolivia In honor of Dia de Independencia, Mexicans gather in all major cities of the country, in whose squares there are performances dedicated to the theme of the struggle for freedom and independence Many spectators wear national costumes and decorate their cars with national flags to demonstrate the unity of the nation On September 16, concerts are held, and in the evenings there are fireworks to mark the important national holiday established in honor of the country's liberation from colonial oppression