World Braille Day

World Braille Day is celebrated annually in all countries on January 4th On this day, the famous French teacher Louis Braille was born, who created a special raised dot font for blind people A special combination of convex dots intended for tactile perception is named after the scientist It allows you to use your fingers to identify alphabetic, mathematical, punctuation, chemical and musical symbols To designate them, combinations are used that can contain no more than six dots To indicate symbols, the dots are distributed in the form of a six-dot matrix consisting of two columns Points are numbered from top to bottom, from right to left In order to put dots on a sheet of paper, you need a special machine, which has many tiny cells For piercing, a stylus rod made of metal is used In order for the printed letters or other symbols to be read from left to right, they must be applied in the opposite direction (from right to left) Upper and middle dots are used to indicate the first letters of the alphabet, and lower dots are used for subsequent letters Music symbols, mathematical symbols, and numbers are indicated using additional combinations The traditional six-dot Braille alphabet consists of 64 characters, the improved eight-dot version includes 256 combinations For an ordinary person, mastering the technique of reading by touch will be quite difficult, but for blind people it is not difficult To date, millions of different texts have been printed using Braille Modern technologies make it possible to adapt it to create an accessible environment for people with disabilities In childhood, relief dot writing is much easier to master This method is most effective for remembering the correct spelling of words, as well as punctuation marks The invention of Braille helped blind people integrate into the education system Now they are graduating from schools and higher educational institutions, becoming famous researchers and scientists in various fields of science The alphabet, consisting of relief dot symbols, was named after its creator, the Frenchman Louis Braille He was born on January 4, 1809 in the French settlement of Couvray His father was a master saddler He made various leather goods and also owned a large plot of land with vineyards and various buildings In his father’s workshop, a tragedy occurred with young Louis that changed his entire future life He wanted to take a closer look at his father’s working tools and accidentally touched a saddlery knife, which, when it fell, damaged the boy’s eye The injury led to loss of vision Despite what happened, the matured Louis began to help his father He was very hardworking and independent At school, she mastered the alphabet using a special board with three-dimensional letters, which her father made for him Braille also learned to play the organ and was hired by one of the churches Louis did not give up hope of improving the reading technique for the blind, which existed in France at that time At first he tried replacing letters with squares and triangles, and then he turned his attention to the military method of data transmission, which was invented by Charles Barbier It was based on combinations in the form of a matrix Louis decided to simplify the matrix and use it to create a new raised font The first version of a special alphabet for the blind was presented by Braille in 1825 to a school principal who was skeptical about the invention However, the boy's classmates quickly mastered the new reading method and after a while began to create books themselves Despite treatment procedures, the inventor’s disease began to progress However, Louis tried to do as much as possible In 1837, he produced the first large book, which was called “Istria of France through the centuries” Louis Braille died at the age of 43 in Couvray, where he spent his childhood and youth A hundred years later, at the direction of the government, his remains were solemnly transferred to the Pantheon in Paris, where many national heroes are still buried