Funny Holidays - Fire Escape Birthday

People escape from a fire that has engulfed a house or apartment by going down the flight of stairs installed inside or outside the building on its facade Firefighters use a lifting mechanism and additional equipment for these purposes The need for stairs arose with the advent of high-rise buildings, from the upper floors of which it was impossible to evacuate On April 8, 1766, a device was patented in the United States to facilitate the rescue of people from buildings on fire The birthday of the fire escape falls annually on this date Before the advent of automobiles, rescuers responded to calls in horse-drawn carts The first fire escapes were wooden, later becoming metal Their maximum height was 10 meters With the development of the automobile industry, fire brigades began to use cars, which finally replaced carts in the 30s XX century Just like two hundred years ago, today stairs are used not only to evacuate residents in burning buildings This improvised means is used as a stretcher or battering ram to rescue drowning people who have fallen into wells or hatches, and people who have climbed onto the tops of trees or roofs of houses The invention of the auto-mechanical ladder made it possible to increase its length several times Russian technicians and engineers have made a big step in this direction Thus, the blacksmith Peter Dahlgren received a medal for creating a sliding ladder for firemen in 1777 The mechanical staircase he created was raised using levers and reached a height of 27 m At the beginning of the 19th century Mechanic Kirill Vasilyevich Sobolev invented a three-knee staircase, and architect from St Petersburg William Geste invented a five-knee staircase With the development of cities in the twentieth century The issue of quickly delivering equipment to the fire site in conditions of streets flooded with cars and public transport became acute In addition, manually extending and installing ladders transported to the scene on horseback took a lot of time, which led to the death of the people receiving help Therefore, in the 1920s Moscow firefighters adapted the chassis of a Berliet truck with a lifting capacity of 3 tons for these purposes In Leningrad, ladders were transported on Ya-3 automobile pumps In September 1937, the Central Research Institute of Fire Defense developed a metal ladder that extended to a height of 30 m and was mounted on the chassis of a ZIS-6 truck Over time, telescopic devices appeared, the length of which when unfolded reached 88 m, assault devices with hooks for working on roofs and mountain slopes Today, articulated car lifts are used both for evacuating people and for illuminating the scene of a fire with spotlights, lifting loads and much more Rescue of victims from fire using sliding ladders is carried out at high altitudes, reaching up to 112 m But, despite the modernization of the device and the improvement of equipment with the latest technology, every year they remember the ancestor of the modern fire escape, celebrating her birthday on April 8